Previous / Contents / HEX TABLE / Next45. Zhui [Collecting Together]
Thwan, or Overall Judgment (Attributed to King Wan)In (the state denoted by) Zhui, the king will repair to his ancestral temple. It will be advantageous (also) to meet with the great man; and then there will be progress and success, though the advantage must come through firm correctness. The use of great victims will conduce to good fortune; and in whatever direction movement is made, it will be advantageous. [Whincup] Gathering around a leader. [Christensen] 45 - 萃 Gathering [Pearson] (cuì) Gathered Together [Redmond] 45. 萃 Cui Assembling [Legge] Zhui denotes collecting together, or things so collected and hence this hexagram concerns the state of the kingdom when a happy union prevails between the sovereign and his ministers, between high and low; and replies in a vague way to the question how this state is to be preserved; by the influence of religion, and the great man, who is a sage upon the throne. He, 'the king,' will repair to his ancestral temple, and meet in spirit there with the spirits of his ancestors. Whatever he does, being correct and right, will succeed. His religious services will be distinguished by their dignity and splendour. His victims will be the best that can be obtained, and other things will be in harmony with them. Comments on the Thwan1. Zhui indicates (the condition of union, or) being collected. We have in it (the symbol of) docile obedience going on to (what is expressed by that of) satisfaction. There is the strong line in the central place, and rightly responded to. Hence comes the (idea of) union. 2. 'The king will repair to his ancestral temple:'—with the utmost filial piety he presents his offerings (to the spirits of his ancestors). 'It will be advantageous to meet the great man, and there will then be prosperity and success:'—the union effected by him will be on and through what is correct. 'The, use of great victims will conduce to good fortune; and in whatsoever direction movement is made, it will be advantageous:'—all is done in accordance with the ordinances of Heaven. 3. When we look at the way in which the gatherings (here shown) take place, the natural tendencies (in the outward action) of heaven and earth and of all things can be seen. [Legge] The lower trigram in Zhui is Khwan, whose attribute is docile obedience; and the upper is Tui, whose attribute is pleased satisfaction. Then we have the strong line in 5, and its proper correlate in 2. These things may give the idea of union. They might also give the idea of other good things. The Khang-hsi editors say that though all is done in accordance with the ordinances of Heaven' follows the concluding clauses of the Thwan, yet the sentiment of the words must be extended to the other clauses as well. Khang-zze says that 'the ordinances of Heaven' are simply the natural and practical outcome of 'heavenly principle;'—in this case what should and may be done according to the conditions and requirements of the time. So do the critics of China try to shirk the idea of personality in 'Heaven.' With paragraph 3, compare the concluding paragraphs of the Thwan Kwan on hexagrams 31, 32. Great Symbolism(The trigram representing the) earth and that for the waters of a marsh raised above it form Zhui. The superior man, in accordance with this, has his weapons of war put in good repair, to be prepared against unforeseen contingencies. [Legge] What has this Great Symbolism to do with the idea and preservation of union? The question is answered in this way:—A marsh whose waters are high up above the earth must be kept in by banks and dykes, to keep them together, to preserve them from being dispersed. So the union of a people must be preserved by precautions against what would disturb and destroy it. Of such precautions the chief is to be prepared to resist attack from without, and to put down internal sedition. Line Statements (Attributed to the Duke of Kau)1. The first SIX, divided, shows its subject with a sincere desire (for union), but unable to carry it out, so that disorder is brought into the sphere of his union. If he cry out (for help to his proper correlate), all at once (his tears) will give place to smiles. He need not mind (the temporary difficulty); as he goes forward, there will be no error. Matching Line in Adjacent Hexagram: 46.1 [Whincup] [Christensen] 初 六﹕ 有 孚 不 終 乃 亂 乃 萃 若 號 一 握 為 笑 勿 恤 往 无 咎 Beginning 6: There is confidence but it doesn’t last all the way, then it scatters then it gathers. Then call out — once you grasp someone’s hand you will smile again and not worry. To go ahead is not a mistake. [Pearson] Six in the first place: If there is sincerity, but not to the end, then there is sometimes chaos, sometimes gathering together. As if crying out, in one room. If there is laughter without bloodshed, then action is without blame. [Redmond] 45.1 Holding of captives has not ended. Now disorderly, then assembled. Wailing when grabbed by a hand, then tittering. Do not sorrow, going will not be blamed. 初六有孚不終. 乃亂乃萃. 若號一握為笑. 勿恤, 往无咎. [Smaller Symbolism] 1. 'In consequence disorder is brought into the sphere of his union:'—his mind and aim are thrown into confusion. [Legge] Line 1 is weak, and in the place of a strong line. It has a proper correlate in 4, but is separated from him by the intervention of two weak lines. The consequence of these things is supposed to be expressed in the first part of the symbolism; but the subject of the line is possessed by the desire for union, which is the theme of the hexagram. Calling out to his correlate for help, he obtains it, and his sorrow is turned into joy. 2. The second SIX, divided, shows its subject led forward (by his correlate). There will be good fortune, and freedom from error. There is entire sincerity, and in that case (even the small offerings of) the vernal sacrifice are acceptable. Matching Line in Adjacent Hexagram: 46.2 [Whincup] [Christensen] 六 二﹕ 引 吉 无 咎 孚 乃 利 用 禴 Second 6: Pulling [people together] is good. When everything is in order and there is confidence then it will be advantageous to perform the summer sacrifice. [Pearson] Six in the second place: With a bow, good fortune without blame. If you are sincere, then doing the spring sacrifice is effective. [Redmond] 45.2 Drawn out auspiciousness. Nothing blameworthy. Thus beneficial to use captives for the Yue summer sacrifice. 六二引吉. 无咎. 孚乃利用禴. [Smaller Symbolism] 2. 'He is led forward; there will be good fortune, and freedom from error:'—(the virtue proper to) his central place has not undergone any change. [Legge] Line 2 is in its proper place, and responds to the strong ruler in 5, who encourages and helps the advance of its subject. He possesses also the sincerity, proper to him in his central position; and though he were able to offer only the sacrifice of the spring, small compared with the fulness of the sacrifices in summer and autumn, it would be accepted. 3. The third SIX, divided, shows its subject striving after union and seeming to sigh, yet nowhere finding any advantage. If he go forward, he will not err, though there may be some small cause for regret. Matching Line in Adjacent Hexagram: 46.3 [Whincup] [Christensen] 六 三﹕ 萃 如 嗟 如 无 攸 利 往 无 咎 小 吝 Third 6: It is not wrong, only slightly regrettable, to gather with deep sighs when there is no beneficial objective to go towards. [Pearson] Six in the third place: Like gathering, like crying. Inaction is effective. Going is blameless, misfortunes small. [Redmond] 45.3 Assembling, lamenting. Not beneficial to go somewhere. No blame, but slight shame. 六三萃如嗟如. 无攸利. 无咎, 小吝. [Smaller Symbolism] 3. 'If he go forward, he will not err:'—in the subject of the topmost line there is humility and condescension. [Legge] Line 3 is weak, in the place of a strong line, and advanced from the central place. The topmost line, moreover, is no proper correlate. But its subject is possessed by the desire for union; and though 2 and 4 decline to associate with him, he presses on to 6, which is also desirous of union. That common desire brings them together, notwithstanding 3 and 6 are both divided lines; and with difficulty the subject of 3 accomplishes his object. (But that an ordinary rule for interpreting the lineal indications may be thus overruled by extraordinary considerations shows how much of fancy there is in the symbolism or in the commentaries on it.) [Legge: Smaller Symbolism] Paragraph 3. The topmost line is the last in Tui, whose attribute is complacent satisfaction, appearing in flexibility or docility. 4. The fourth NINE, undivided, shows its subject in such a state that, if he be greatly fortunate, he will receive no blame. Matching Line in Adjacent Hexagram: 46.4 [Whincup] [Christensen] 九 四﹕ 大 吉 无 咎 Fourth 9: Large is good and no mistake. [Pearson] Nine in the fourth place: Great good fortune, without blame. [Redmond] 45.4 Greatly auspicious; nothing blameworthy. 九四大吉; 无咎. [Smaller Symbolism] 4. 'If he be grandly fortunate, he will receive no blame:'—(this condition is necessary, because) his position is not the one proper to him. [Legge] Line 4 has its correlate in 1, and is near to the ruling line in 5. We may expect a good auspice for it; but its being strong in an odd place, calls for the caution which is insinuated. 5. The fifth NINE, undivided, shows the union (of all) under its subject in the place of dignity. There will be no error. If any do not have confidence in him, let him see to it that (his virtue) be great, long-continued, and firmly correct, and all occasion for repentance will disappear. Matching Line in Adjacent Hexagram: 46.5 [Whincup] [Christensen] 九 五﹕ 萃 有 位 无 咎 匪 孚 元 永 貞 悔 亡 Fifth 9: That people are gathering where there is someone who has a high position is not wrong. If they have no trust [in you, you must show them] that your basic [nature] is to be always acting correctly and their mistrust will go away. [Pearson] Nine in the fifth place: Gatherings together take place. No blame, no trust. With enduring persistence, remorse disappears. [Redmond] 45.5 Assembled into position. Nothing blameworthy. Brigands captured. Begin the divination for the long term—regret is gone. 九五萃有位; 无咎. 匪孚. 元永貞—悔亡. [Smaller Symbolism] 5. 'There is the union (of all) under him in the place of dignity:'—(but) his mind and aim have not yet been brilliantly displayed. [Legge] Line 5 is strong, central, and in its correct position. Through its subject there may be expected the full realisation of the idea of the hexagram. [Legge: Smaller Symbolism] Paragraph 5. 'His mind and aim have not yet been brilliantly displayed:'—this is in explanation of the case that some may even still not have confidence in him. 6. The topmost SIX, divided, shows its subject sighing and weeping; but there will be no error. Matching Line in Adjacent Hexagram: 46.6 [Whincup] [Christensen] 上 六﹕ 齎 咨 涕 洟 无 咎 Top 6: To cry, sigh, weep and sob is not a mistake. [Pearson] Six at the top: Weeping and crying, but no blame. [Redmond] 45.6 Sighing, lamenting, moaning, tears and snuffling. There will be no blame. 上六齎咨涕洟. 无咎. [Smaller Symbolism] 6. 'He sighs and weeps:'—he does not yet rest in his topmost position. [Legge] Line 6, weak, and at the extremity of the figure, is still anxious for union; but he has no proper correlate, and all below are united in 5. Its subject mourns his solitary condition; and his good feeling will preserve him from error and blame. [Legge: Smaller Symbolism] Paragraph 6. The topmost position is that of the trigram; the subject of the line might bid farewell to all the work of the hexagram; but he cannot bear to do so. Previous / Contents / HEX TABLE / Next |
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